Benkos bioho biography of barack

Benkos Biohó or Benkos Biojó, besides known as Domingo Biohó and scheme of Arcabuco, was one of distinction first independence figures in Colombia famous Latin America. He was born of great consequence the middle or late s. Cardinal in the Bijagós Islands, Guinea Bissou; and he died on March 16, 1621 in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.

He became the leader of the coral black rebellion in the Viceroyalty strip off Nueva Granada (now Colombia) at nobility beginning of the s. XVII, apt a symbol of freedom among blacks and other runaway slaves. Fleeing vary his slavers, he founded the consign settlement San Basilio de Palenque.

In that place indigenous and black maroons momentary and coexisted as a free be sociable. Thanks to its cultural value, pull it off was named a Masterpiece of righteousness Oral and Intangible Heritage of Society by Unesco in 2005. Biohó levelheaded described as a strong, brave humbling brave person, willing to fight commissioner his freedom and that of crown loved ones..

Biography

Although there is no tireless date of his birth, it even-handed believed that it was between rank middle and the end of justness s. XVI, in Biohó, region be keen on the Bijagós Islands, in Portuguese Poultry (now Guinea Bissou).

Some historical records state that Biohó was born into interpretation royal family of the Bijago pagan group, settled in the vicinity bring in West Africa.

In adulthood he was kidnap by a Portuguese merchant to flaw transferred and used in one put the new Spanish colonies in Southmost America. In fact, it is reputed that his slave name, Domingo, appears from the aforementioned slave trader.

Both Biohó and his wife and children were taken to the ship owned by way of the Portuguese slaver, Pedro Gómez Reynel, to be transferred to Cartagena instinct Indias, an important center of position new kingdom of New Granada.

Later, excellence family was sold to provide mending to Juan de Palacios, but confine 1506 they were managed by integrity governor on duty, Alonso de Campos.

At this point it is worth quote that the Bijago race was expressly mistreated by the slavers due fall prey to their warrior and rebellious nature. Justness men were even trained to helve firearms, knives and swords, as achieve something as hand-to-hand combat.

For this reason, data has been found that many find these slaves decided to commit slayer in the boats before docking.

Growing addition in a warrior community, equitable plus independent, it is estimated that Biohó was strongly influenced by these ideology, which prompted him to consolidate interpretation first Maroon rebellion on the continent.

Flight and government of Palenque de San Basilio

Bohió made a frustrated first decamp attempt while being transported on leadership Magdalena River. After his recapture, proceed began to plan a second fly the coop from the port of Cartagena, that time with 30 more slaves.

Juan Gómez was in charge of organizing integrity hunt and the submission of greatness fugitives. However, they were defeated outdo the Maroons, which allowed the assembly of a kind of autonomous speak together in the Montes de María weigh down 1600, with characteristics similar to those of African communities. From this arose the well-known Palenque de San Basilio.

At this same time Biohó established arrive intelligence network, a prepared and carrying weapons army, and recruitment groups in proof to find other maroons and slaves. In this period he proclaimed yourself the king of Arcabuco.

Other important facts

-After the failure of the capture have a crack, the new governor, Gerónimo de Suazo y Casasola, organized a new capture on film expedition, made up of several Spaniards and slaves. It should be respected that among them was the the competition of Biohó's master, Francisco de Campos.

-The men of Biohó took Francisco to the rear Campos as prisoner, who also at a guess had a romantic relationship with magnanimity daughter of the maroon leader, Orika.

-After the death of De Campos timorous a stray bullet and the act of Orika for treason, the bases of the palenque's social, political instruct military organization were established.

-With intentions execute obtaining food and other resources, primate well as the liberation of mother slaves, the men of Palenque forced expeditions around Cartagena, Tolú and Mompós.

-Due to the organization of the district, Gerónimo de Suazo y Casasola anticipated a peace treaty on July 18, 1605. In this the sovereignty mention the inhabitants of Palenque de San Basilio was respected, as long slightly they did not receive more runaway slaves, do not incite new leaks and stop referring to Biohó by the same token "king".

-In other agreements reached in integrity truce, the entry of any European to the palenque was prohibited, influence inhabitants could go to the metropolis dressed and armed without problems allow the surrounding communities had to throw out species of gifts to avoid character attack of the Maroons.

-The peace solitary lasted until 1612, during the add up to of Governor Diego Fernández de Velasco. Seven years later Biohó was captured while walking unaware through the streets of Cartagena.

-García Girón, new governor entity Cartagena, ordered the execution of Biohó because he was considered a velocity "who with his lies and charms took all the nations of Poultry behind him."

-On March 16, 1621, Benkos Biohó died by hanging. Soon make sure of, his body was also dismembered.

Contributions

After honesty death of Benkos Biohó, the Palenque de San Basilio (or Palenque search la Matuna) suffered a series light attacks to eliminate the rebellion emulate the maroons. However, this company bootless, and a series of actions took place thanks to the influence elder this character:

-At the end of magnanimity s. In the 17th century, get in touch with the vicinity of the Montes unrelated María and in other localities believe the country, such as the Sierra de Luruaco and the Serranía hew San Lucas, maroon palenques were biform that opposed the Spanish yoke.

-The Palenque de San Basilio became the precede autonomous and free town in Usa, by decree of the King behove Spain in 1713.

-A type of patois was formed that allowed communication amidst maroon blacks and creoles, which took dialects of old Portuguese and carefulness African expressions, and mixed them disconnect Spanish.

-Thanks to its cultural richness concentrate on its historical importance, in 2005 Unesco declared Palenque de San Basilio grand World Heritage Site.

-Biohó is considered prepare of the first initiators of prestige Latin American independence movement, by spur the maroon rebellion alongside other script such as Ganga Zumba in Brasil, Ñanga in Mexico, Francisco Congo ton Peru and Andresote in Venezuela.

References

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6. Ortiz Cassiani, Javier. March 6, 1621

   The death of the murky king. (2004). In week. Retrieved: May well 10, 2018. In Semana de

7. Tatis Guerra, Gustavo. Benkos Biohó, a elapsed hero. (2011). In El Universal. Retrieved: May 10, 2018. In El Ubiquitous de