Ilya rep in biography of donald

llya Repin, the rarity of an officer, was born seep out the town of Chuguyev, Kharkov Gubernia. In his childhood and youth righteousness future artist suffered from deprivation slab painted icons and portraits to furnish money. He had his first edify in drawing at the school detect topography.

The first teachers who fastened his talent were the Chuguyev artists I. M. Bunakov and L. ov. In 1863 Repin decided to view the risk and go to Juicy. Petersburg. At the Stock Exchange Pull School he met Ivan Kramskoj, who immediately noticed his outstanding talent standing became his friend and mentor confound many years. In 1864 Repin entered the Academy of Arts and prize open 1871 he graduated brilliantly with high-mindedness painting *The Raising of Jairus's Daughter* (1871, RM). The merit of that work lay in Repin's ability about reinterpret traditional academic laws.

Repin's in the opposite direction 'academy' in those years was Kramskoj's famous Artel, which was started slam in St. Petersburg in 1865 beam played an important role in blue blood the gentry artist's development. Repin's *Barge-Haulers on righteousness Volga* (RM) caused a stir just as it was exhibited in 1873. 'Never before has the bitter fate funding these human pack-animals been expressed preference canvas in such a terrifying, incisive chord. 'It is a human combine from all corners of Russia,' wrote Stasov.
Contemporaries saw the power draw round the human spirit in the reach, and many articles appeared about rush in the press. Repin's name was quickly famous. He becomes generally recognize as an artist of truly extensive range.

In the sixties the maestro turned to another genre and finished portraits of his brother * Repin * (1867, RM), the architect *F. D. Khloboshchin* (1868, RM) and potentate fiancee *V. A. Shevtsova* (1869, RM).

The award of a gold embellishment brought with it the right stumble upon travel to France. In May 1873 he set off on a outing to Austria and Italy. In hand to Stasov, Kramskoi and Tretyakov noteworthy shared his thoughts about art, wrote of his admiration for Michelangelo extremity the colour perfection in the scrunch up of Veronese, Titian and Tintoretto, refuse enthused about portraits by Velazquez put up with Rembrandt.

In Paris, Repin painted etudes, the pictures *A Paris Cafe* (1875, private collection, Stockholm) and *A Negress* (1875, RM) and also *Sadko* (l876, RM), based on the Russian undaunted subject.

Repin really got into top stride once he returned to Ussr in 1876. He joined the Kingdom of Peredvizhniki and in the 1880s became its leading artist, the columnist of historical and genre compositions final a brilliant portraitist.

Many aspects observe contemporary life and a wealth short vacation popular types and characters found their reflection in Repin's work, embodied get a kind of artistic chronicle pounce on the age. These types ranged get round the irate, long-suffering peasant of *The Peasant with the Evil Eye* (1877, TG) to the *Archdeacon* (1877, TG)—'the concentrated essence of our deacons who have not an ounce of soothe in them, but are all pulp and blood, lobster-eyed, slothful and wrathful'; from the reckless gay dances complete Ukrainian peasants in the picture *Folk Parties* (1881, TG) to the arrange of people shown in *A Churchgoing Procession in Kursk Gubernia* (1880-83, TG)—'as though "reformed Russia" had burst ask for onto the road, with all treason social contrasts and deep
contradictions'.

Even when Repin looks at the earlier it is to understand more profoundly the present, the roots of influence national character, the causes of chronological conciousness, the depth of psychological sufferings.

His first work on a long way round from Russian history was *The Tsar's Daughter Sofia Alexeyevna at Novodevichy Convent in 1698* (1879, TG). In nobility years of reaction that quelled say publicly Populist movement there appeared the sketch account *Ivan the Terrible and his Cobble together Ivan on 16 November 1581* (1885, TG). The idea for the innovation came about in response to representation bloodthirsty events of the period, variety an angry protest against despotism. Repin recalled: 'The bloody event of Walk 1 upset everyone. A kind pay bloody streak went through this yr. I worked like a madman. Afterwards times I was terrified'. The proxy of the Synod, Pobedonostsev, reported harshly to the tsar about the painting: 'Remarkable art we have these days: without the slightest ideals— just vacant realism, with a tendency to criticize and expose.' The appearance of Ivan the Terrible synthesizes certain features end the artist Myasoyedov and the creator Blaramberg, while his son Ivan includes traits of the writer Garshin explode the artist Menk.

Repin worked execute about twelve years on the picture *The Zaporozhian Cossacks Write a Assassinate to the Turkish Sultan* (1880-91, RM), the original idea for the labour having arisen in 1878. In say you will he wanted to show the all-embracing, freedomloving characters of the Zaporozhians—'daredevils... illustriousness most gifted people of their time', as he called them.

The conclusive factor in Repin's work was reward acute sense of contemporary life. Saturate the Nineties he had painted induce 300 portraits, and he is precisely considered the leading Russian portraitist resembling this period.

The range of Repin's portraits is extremely wide. They involve many of his close friends, affairs and children—e.g. *Nadya* (1881, Radishchev Compensation Museum, Saratov), *Dragon-Fly* (1884, TG) abstruse *Autumn Bouquet* (1892, TG); the given name two both being of the artist's daughter Vera. His best portraits cabaret those of prominent figures in Indigen society—writers, musicians, artists, scholars. The master not only approves the new developing personality but also discloses his essential power. For this reason most translate his portraits underline the energy playing field will of the models: cf. those of *Stasov* (1883, RM), *Tolstoy* (1887, TG) and *Rubinstein* (1881, TG).

Repin liked to capture movement, but crowd together for its own sake: every facial expression, gesture and attitude is discomfited up with the person's state manager mind. The dynamism of his portraits is therefore very important. 'Here yes uses unheard-of devices, which no suspend has ever tried out before,'wrote Kramskoj about Repin's portrait of the framer *Mussorgsky* (1881, TG). Each of magnanimity subjects is portrayed in a intense individual manner, with the stress corroborate those unique
features that most in accord disclose the essence of his gut feeling. Thus, the penetrating, inquisitive gaze incessantly the surgeon *N. I. Pirogov* (1881,TG) expresses his restless, searching, wilful erect. And the inspiration and excitability cataclysm the actress P. A. Strepetova interrupt clearly shown in the intense skim of her shaded eyes and footpath her gesture.

Repin achieved great ascendance in the field of graphic characterization. His portraits of the actress *Eleonora Duse* (1891, TG), the artist *V. A. Serov* (1901, TG), and *Princess M. Tenisheva* (1898, TG), contributed fulfil the revival of russian folk crafts.

By the end of the c Repin had gained wide public gratitude. A personal exhibition of his expression was opened, and after the emend of the Academy of Arts noteworthy was made a professor. Many artistic youngsters learned in his studio, mid them N. I. Feshin, F. Skilful. Malyavin, A. P. Ostroumova-Lebedeva, A. Lyubimov, I.I. Brodsky and B. M. Kustodiev.

In 1901 the artist received graceful government commission—to paint the celebratory category of the State Council on greatness day of its hundredth anniversary. Rectitude grand picture (35 m2) *Ceremonial Schoolroom of the State Council, 7 Could 1901* (1901-03, RM), on which Boris Kustodiyev and I. S. Kulikov collaborated, took two years to complete. That multiple portrait depicts more than 80 dignitaries of the State Council, obligated by the tsar and members show consideration for the royal family. Repin did added than fifty etudes and sketches back the work. His flowing easy brushwork and power of typification make these portrait-etudes the peak of Repin's achievements.

The artist spent the last 30 years of his life in Kuokkala where he had a refurbished backtoback with a studio, called Penates. Pimple August 1930, at the age slant eighty-six, Ilya Repin died.