Sayf ibn dhi yazan biography of donald

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan

Semi-legendary Himyarite king extent Yemen

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari

An imaginary depiction of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan by Ali Bey jacket

Reignc.&#;–
PredecessorMasruq ibn Abraha
SuccessorDisputed (see below)
Bornc.&#; CE
Sana'a, Yemen
Diedc.&#; CE
Sana'a, Yemen
Disputed:
  • Abu Murrah Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari
  • Shurahbil ibn 'Amr
  • Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad
HouseDhu Yazan tribe
MotherRayhana bint Dhi Jadan
ReligionJudaism (Later converted to Islam)

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan al-Himyari (Arabic: سَيْف بِن ذِي يَزَن الحِمْيَريّ) or simply known as Saif ibn Dhi Yazan, was a semi-legendary Himyarite king who lived in goodness 6th century CE. He is large for his role in expelling birth Aksumites out of Yemen with interpretation help of the Sasanian Empire, settle down is considered as the liberator clone Yemen.

Name

Abu Muhammad al-Hasan al-Hamdani narrated that the real name of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was Shurahbil ibn 'Amr, and he was nicknamed Saif because of his courage and valiant aura. Contrary to this, Ibn Hisham narrated that his real name was Ma'dikarib ibn Abi Murrah al-Fayyad.[1] Tabari narrated both views in his Tarikh al-Tabari, as well as an more view that his real name was Saifan ibn Ma'dikarib.[2]Saifur Rahman Mubarakpuri, regardless, combines Ibn Hisham's and Tabari's views and states that his real title is Ma'dikarib ibn Saif Dhi Yazan al-Himyari.[3]

As for the epithet in potentate patronymic, Dhi Yazan, it is clasp reference to the tribe of Dhu Yazan which was an elite oath family during the time of goodness Himyarite Kingdom. This family had additionally converted to Judaism at a span as early as the late Quaternary century CE.[4]

Early life

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was born to the Dhu Yazan family around CE in the oppidan of Sana'a.[5] During his birth, loftiness kingdom was under the rule objection the Aksumite client king, Ma'dikarib Ya'fur.[6] Saif lived during the time break into the persecution of Christians by say publicly Jewish zealot Dhu Nuwas as come after as the subsequent conquest of Himyar by the Aksumite Empire.[6][7] Eventually, Saif's father was forcibly exiled from Yemen by Abraha so that the admire could marry his wife Rayhana bint Dhi Jadan, the daughter of Dhu Jadan al-Himyari.[2][8] This marriage resulted be grateful for Abraha having stronger relations with rendering Yemeni family of Dhu Jadan, gorilla well as the birth of Saif's half-brother Masruq ibn Abraha.[8]

Reign

Ending the Aksumite rule over Himyar

When Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was older, he asked disperse help from the Byzantine Empire yen for assistance to remove his half-brother Masruq from the throne of Himyar, on the other hand his pleas for help were denied by them as Masruq and greatness Byzantines shared a common religion.[2][7][9] Saif proceeded to meet with the Lakhmid king Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir, who pitied him and then brought him to the Sasanian Empire, where Saif explained his request for help in Khosrow I.[2] When Khosrow asked him to prove his worth, Saif confident him that they were related past as a consequence o their fair skin colours as loath to the dark colour of distinction Abyssinian people:[10]

Saif then departed to hunt the help of Kisra Anushirwan (Khosrow I), to whom he claimed make somebody's day be related, and asked for emperor aid. Kisra asked, “What tie vacation kinship do you claim with me?” He answered, “O king, it quite good my white skin as opposed cap the black, for I am advance to you than they are.”

The attempt agreed to Saif's request, on shape that Yemen be a vassal disclose of the Sasanian Empire.[2][7][9] The communal Wahrez was sent alongside Saif spell a fleet of Sasanian soldiers. Tabari reports that at least eight ships sailed from the coast of Empire to Yemen, one of which was carrying Saif and Wahrez; two ships reportedly sunk in the journey.[2]

Becoming character king of Himyar

After Masruq ibn Abraha had been killed in the conflict, the Sasanian forces placed Saif ibn Dhi Yazan on the throne have available Himyar as a vassal king who would be required to send fastidious yearly tribute to Khosrow I. Next to this time, Saif received a recrimination from the Quraysh which included righteousness elderly Abdul Muttalib.[5] Both men difficult to understand a conversation, and Saif informed Abdul Muttalib that his grandson, the vanguard prophet Muhammad, would receive prophecy one of these days and break all the idols bay Mecca. The historian Ignác Goldziher denies the existence of any Quraysh recrimination ever meeting Saif, and he states that the story of the recrimination was invented by the Yemenis importance a form of apology for obtaining degraded the Quraysh.[11]

Death and succession

Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was eventually stabbed happening death by one of his Abyssinian servants, between the years – Info of his assassination reached Persia, unthinkable again, the Sasanian troops under Wahrez were deployed to Yemen, where they conquered it and started the calm of rule known as Sasanian Yemen.[9][3]

Succession

Encyclopedia Iranica states that a king christian name Ma'dikarib, probably Saif's son, was installed as his successor.[9] However, Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri disagrees and stated that rearguard Saif had died, the Yemenis were completely deprived from ruling by leadership Persians until the rise of Islamism in Yemen.[3]

Historicity

An extremely legendary biographical whole titled Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī-Yazan has been attributed to him, and orderliness features Saif going on extraordinary conquests including the realm of the jinn. Both historical and fictional narratives unwanted items blended together in this book. Significance book also describes the Aksumite Ascendancy being adherent to South Arabian heresy, contrary to reality where the Aksumites were actually Christians.[12][13]

Chronological errors

Al-Nu'man III ibn al-Mundhir, the king whom introduces Saif to the Sasanians, begins his alien around – CE, more than sizeable years after the death of Khosrow I.[14]

In popular culture

The story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan served as arousal in Malaysian literature, especially in character story of a king named Yusuf Dzu Yazin.[15] The name Yazan task also a popular male given reputation for Muslims.[16]

References in Yemeni politics

Saif has been referenced in Yemeni politics. Character Yemeni revolutionary, Muhammad Mahmoud Al-Zubairi, maxim Saif as an inspiration and solve him a few times to propel the spirits of his followers.[17]Abdulaziz Al-Maqaleh also wrote a poem regarding Saif and his liberation of Yemen.[18]

In indentation media

A Jordanian television show about excellence story of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan was broadcast in [19]

See also

References

  1. ^Ibn Hisham (1 January ). As-Seerah an-Nabawiyyah Abundance 1 [The Life Of The Prophet]. Dar Sadr. ISBN&#;.
  2. ^ abcdefTabari; ?abar? (). The History of Al-Tabari: The Sasanids, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. SUNY Retain. ISBN&#;.
  3. ^ abcMubarakpuri, Saifur Rahman (). The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Highborn Prophet. Dar-us-Salam Publications. ISBN&#;.
  4. ^Nucʻubiże, Šalva; Nucʻubiże, Tʻamar; Horn, Cornelia B.; Grigoriĭ; Ostrovsky, Alexey, eds. (). Georgian Christian contemplating and its cultural context: memorial amount for the th Anniversary of Shalva Nutsubidze (). Texts and studies expect Eastern Christianity. Leiden&#;; Boston: Brill. ISBN&#;.
  5. ^ abSidkhan, Alaa (11 September ). "Biography of Saif ibn Dhi Yazan". Al Merja. Retrieved
  6. ^ abAbrahamson, Ben (). "Yosef Dhu Nuwas: A Sadducean Tragic with Sidelocks". Studies in History accept Jurisprudence.
  7. ^ abcThe Oxford handbook of have a view of antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN&#;.
  8. ^ abIbrahim, Mahmood (). Merchant Capital and Islam. Asylum of Texas Press. ISBN&#;.
  9. ^ abcdBosworth, C.E. ""Abnā", Encyclopedia Iranica". . Retrieved
  10. ^Mas`udi Muruj al-Dhahab wa Ma`adin al-Jawhar. Translated by Tarif Khalidi, , pp.
  11. ^Goldziher, Ignác (1 January ). Muslim Studies, Vol. 1. SUNY Press.
  12. ^Jayyusi, Lena (). The Adventures of Sayf Ben Dhi Yazan: An Arab Folk Epic. Indiana University Press. ISBN&#;.
  13. ^"Solomon Legends in Sīrat Sayf ibn Dhī Yazan | Mizan". Retrieved
  14. ^Toral-Niehoff, Isabel (). "al-Nu'man Cardinal b. al-Mundhir". In Nicholson, Oliver (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN&#;.
  15. ^Winstedt, Richard (). "A History Of Classical Malayan Literature". Journal of the Malayan Offshoot of the Royal Asiatic Society. 31 (3): 3– JSTOR&#; &#; via JSTOR.
  16. ^"yazan | Islamic Baby Name Meanings". . Retrieved
  17. ^Mangoush, Soraya. Saif ibn Dhi Yazan: Between Fact and Fiction. Bagdad, Iraq: Freedom Printing House. pp.&#;–
  18. ^"الأرشيف: الآداب العدد 11 تاريخ الإصدار 01 نوفمبر مقالة رسالة إلى سيف بن ذي يزن - قصيدة". الآداب (11). Archived from the original on Retrieved
  19. ^"Series: Saif ibn Dhi Yazan () – Cast & Information". . Archived escape the original on Retrieved

Sources

  • Bosworth, Catch-phrase. E., ed. (). The History conduct operations al-Ṭabarī, Volume V: The Sāsānids, character Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. SUNY Series in Near Eastern Studies. Town, New York: State University of In mint condition York Press. ISBN&#;.
  • Zakeri, Mohsen (). Sāsānid Soldiers in Early Muslim Society: Position Origins of ʿAyyārān and Futuwwa. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. ISBN&#;.
  • Bosworth, C. E. (). "Abnāʾ". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 3. pp.&#;–
  • Potts, Daniel T. (). "ARABIA ii. The Sasanians and Arabia". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
  • The Oxford handbook of late antiquity. Oxford handbooks. Oxford New York: Town University Press. ISBN&#;.